Sunday, January 30, 2011

HOW TO PREPARE DRDO EXAM

DRDO Exam Details:

DRDO SET is conducted on all India basis on 1st Sunday of September every year in order to provide equal opportunity to all students from different educational institutions in view of the increasingly wide variation of marks due to increase in the number of educational institutions in the country.

DRDO SET exam is of three hours duration consisting of two sections viz. Section ‘A’ of 100 questions to test the candidate’s knowledge in the subject of their BE/ BTech (for Engg discipline) or MSc ( for Science Discipline) and Section ‘B’ of 50 questions to test the candidate’s ability in analytical and qualitative skills, current affairs and general awareness to test the aptitude and scientific knowledge required for Applied Research & Development.

Based upon the organisation’s requirements, DRDO SET is conducted in Engineering Subjects such as Aero, Electrical, Chemical, Computer, Electronics/Electronics & Communication, Instrumentation, Mechanical, Metallurgy etc and Science subjects such as Chemistry, Physics and Maths/ Operations Research/ Statistics etc. These subjects are specified in the advertisement. DRDO SET exam is conducted only for those subjects where vacancies are sizable in number.
• Date of Examination : 6-Sept-2010
• Examination Fee : Rs 300
• Qualification : At least first class Bachelor’s degree in Engineering or Technology (B.Tech./ BE) in Chemical/ Electrical/ Electronics & Communication/ Mechanical/ Computer Science from a recognized University in respective/relevant discipline.
• Last date of receipt of application form : 5-June-2010.
• Total vacancies : 200+ posts.
• Age : 28 years.
• Pay Band : Rs.15600-39100 Grade Pay Rs.5400.
• Forms available: in SBI from 5-May-2010 to 5-June-2010.
Question Paper Pattern for DRDO Section ‘A’ will consist of 100 questions to test the candidate’s knowledge in the subject as per syllabus. Each question will have 4 choices one of which will be correct.
Each correct answer will fetch 4 marks. For each incorrect answer 1 mark will be deducted.

Section ‘B’ will consist of 50 questions to test the candidate’s aptitude relevant to Applied Research & Development. The standard of Section ‘B’ will be such as may be expected of Engineering Graduates/Science Post Graduates. Each question will have 4 choices one of which will be correct. Each correct answer will fetch 2 marks. For each incorrect answer 1/2 mark will be deducted. The merit list will be prepared based on the marks obtained by the candidates in Section A and Section B and this list will be used for shortlisting the candidates for interview purely on merit basis subject to minimum qualifying criteria as decided by RAC.
Syllabus for Chemical Engineering paper DRDO-SET
1. Process Calculations and Thermodynamics: Laws of conservation of mass and energy; use of tie components; recycle, bypass and purge calculations; degree of freedom analysis. First and Second laws of thermodynamics. First law application to close and open systems. Second law and Entropy Thermodynamic properties of pure substances: equation of state and departure function, properties of mixtures: partial molar properties, fugacity, excess properties and activity coefficients; phase equilibria: predicting VLE of systems; chemical reaction equilibria.
2. Fluid Mechanics and Mechanical Operations: Fluid statics, Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, Bernoulli equation, Macroscopic friction factors, energy balance, dimensional analysis, shell balances, flow through pipeline systems, flow meters, pumps and compressors, packed and fluidized beds, elementary boundary layer theory, size reduction and size separation; free and hindered settling; centrifuge and cyclones; thickening and classification, filtration, mixing and agitation; conveying of solids.
3. Heat Transfer: Conduction, convection and radiation, heat transfer coefficients, steady and unsteady heat conduction, boiling, condensation and evaporation; types of heat exchangers and evaporators and their design.
4. Mass Transfer: Fick’s laws, molecular diffusion in fluids, mass transfer coefficients, film, penetration and surface renewal theories; momentum, heat and mass transfer analogies; stagewise and continuous contacting and stage efficiencies; HTU & NTU concepts design and operation of equipment for distillation, absorption, leaching, liquid-liquid extraction, drying, humidification, dehumidification and adsorption.
5. Chemical Reaction Engineering: Theories of reaction rates; kinetics of homogeneous reactions, interpretation of kinetic data, single and multiple reactions in ideal reactors, non-ideal reactors; residence time distribution, single parameter model; non-isothermal reactors; kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic reactions; diffusion effects in catalysis.
6. Process Calculations and Thermodynamics: Laws of conservation of mass and energy; use of tie components; recycle, bypass and purge calculations; degree of freedom analysis. First and Second laws of thermodynamics. First law application to close and open systems. Second law and Entropy Thermodynamic properties of pure substances: equation of state and departure function, properties of mixtures: partial molar properties, fugacity, excess properties and activity coefficients; phase equilibria: predicting VLE of systems; chemical reaction equilibria.
7. Fluid Mechanics and Mechanical Operations: Fluid statics, Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, Bernoulli equation, Macroscopic friction factors, energy balance, dimensional analysis, shell balances, flow through pipeline systems, flow meters, pumps and compressors, packed and fluidized beds, elementary boundary layer theory, size reduction and size separation; free and hindered settling; centrifuge and cyclones; thickening and classification, filtration, mixing and agitation; conveying of solids.
8. Heat Transfer: Conduction, convection and radiation, heat transfer coefficients, steady and unsteady heat conduction, boiling, condensation and evaporation; types of heat exchangers and evaporators and their design.
9. Mass Transfer: Fick’s laws, molecular diffusion in fluids, mass transfer coefficients, film, penetration and surface renewal theories; momentum, heat and mass transfer analogies; stagewise and continuous contacting and stage efficiencies; HTU & NTU concepts design and operation of equipment for distillation, absorption, leaching, liquid-liquid extraction, drying, humidification, dehumidification and adsorption.
10. Chemical Reaction Engineering: Theories of reaction rates; kinetics of homogeneous reactions, interpretation of kinetic data, single and multiple reactions in ideal reactors, non-ideal reactors; residence time distribution, single parameter model; non-isothermal reactors; kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic reactions; diffusion effects in catalysis.
Syllabus for Computer Science and Engineering paper DRDO-SET
1. Theory of Computation: Regular languages and finite automata, Context free languages and Push-down automata, Recursively enumerable sets and Turing machines, Undecidability; NP-completeness.
2. Digital Logic: Logic functions, Minimization, Design and synthesis of combinational and sequential circuits; Number representation and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating point).
3. Computer Organization and Architecture: Machine instructions and addressing modes, ALU and data-path, CPU control design, Memory interface, I/O interface (Interrupt and DMA mode), Instruction pipelining, Cache and main memory, Secondary storage.
4. Programming and Data Structures: Programming in C; Functions, Recursion, Parameter passing, Scope, Binding; Abstract data types, Arrays, Stacks, Queues, Linked Lists, Trees, Binary search trees, Binary heaps.
5. Algorithms: Analysis, Asymptotic notation, Notions of space and time complexity, Worst and average case analysis; Design: Greedy approach, Dynamic programming, Divide-and-conquer; Tree and graph traversals, Connected components, Spanning trees, Shortest paths; Hashing, Sorting, Searching.
6. Compiler Design: Lexical analysis, Parsing, Syntax directed translation, Runtime environments, Intermediate and target code generation, Basics of code optimization.
7. Operating System: Processes, Threads, Inter-process communication, Concurrency, Synchronization, Deadlock, CPU scheduling, Memory management and virtual memory, File systems, I/O systems, Protection and security.
Syllabus for Electronics and Communication Engineering paper DRDO-SET
1. Networks: Network graphs: matrices associated with graphs; incidence, fundamental cut set and fundamental circuit matrices. Solution methods: nodal and mesh analysis. Network theorems: superposition, Thevenin and Norton’s maximum power transfer, Wye-Delta transformation. Steady state sinusoidal analysis using phasors. Linear constant coefficient differential equations; time domain analysis of simple RLC circuits, Solution of network equations using Laplace transform: frequency domain analysis of RLC circuits. 2-port network parameters: driving point and transfer functions. State equations for networks.
2. Electronic Devices: Energy bands in silicon, intrinsic and extrinsic silicon. Carrier transport in silicon: diffusion current, drift current, mobility, and resistivity. Generation and recombination of carriers. p-n junction diode, Zener diode, tunnel diode, BJT, JFET, MOS capacitor, MOSFET, LED, p-I-n and avalanche photo diode, Basics of LASERs. Device technology: integrated circuits fabrication process, oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation, photolithography, n-tub, p-tub and twin-tub CMOS process.
3. Analog Circuits: Small Signal Equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs and analog CMOS. Simple diode circuits, clipping, clamping, rectifier. Biasing and bias stability of transistor and FET amplifiers. Amplifiers: single-and multi-stage, differential and operational, feedback, and power. Frequency response of amplifiers. Simple op-amp circuits. Filters. Sinusoidal oscillators; criterion for oscillation; single-transistor and op-amp configurations. Function generators and wave-shaping circuits, 555 Timers. Power supplies.
4. Digital Circuits: Boolean algebra, minimization of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS). Combinatorial circuits: arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers, decoders, PROMs and PLAs. Sequential circuits: latches and flip-flops, counters and shift-registers. Sample and hold circuits, ADCs, DACs. Semiconductor memories. Microprocessor(8085): architecture, programming, memory and I/O interfacing.

Fourier series, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier Transform, DFT and FFT, z-transform. Sampling theorem. Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems: definitions and properties; causality, stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and zeros, parallel and cascade structure, frequency response, group delay, phase delay. Signal transmission through LTI systems.
5. Control Systems: Basic control system components; block diagrammatic description, reduction of block diagrams. Open loop and closed loop (feedback) systems and stability analysis of these systems. Signal flow graphs and their use in determining transfer functions of systems; transient and steady state analysis of LTI control systems and frequency response. Tools and techniques for LTI control system analysis: root loci, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, Bode and Nyquist plots. Control system compensators: elements of lead and lag compensation, elements of Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control. State variable representation and solution of state equation of LTI control systems.
6. Communications: Random signals and noise: probability, random variables, probability density function, autocorrelation, power spectral density. Analog communication systems: amplitude and angle modulation and demodulation systems, spectral analysis of these operations, superheterodyne receivers; elements of hardware, realizations of analog communication systems; signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculations for amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) for low noise conditions. Fundamentals of information theory and channel capacity theorem. Digital communication systems: pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM), digital modulation schemes: amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK), matched filter receivers, bandwidth consideration and probability of error calculations for these schemes. Basics of TDMA, FDMA and CDMA and GSM.
7. Electromagnetics: Elements of vector calculus: divergence and curl; Gauss’ and Stokes’ theorems, Maxwell’s equations: differential and integral forms. Wave equation, Poynting vector. Plane waves: propagation through various media; reflection and refraction; phase and group velocity; skin depth. Transmission lines: characteristic impedance; impedance transformation; Smith chart; impedance matching; S parameters, pulse excitation. Waveguides: modes in rectangular waveguides; boundary conditions; cut-off frequencies; dispersion relations. Basics of propagation in dielectric waveguide and optical fibers. Basics of Antennas: Dipole antennas; radiation pattern; antenna gain.
Syllabus for Electrical Engineering paper DRDO-SET
1. Electric Circuits and Fields: Network graph, KCL, KVL, node and mesh analysis, transient response of dc and ac networks; sinusoidal steady-state analysis, resonance, basic filter concepts; ideal current and voltage sources, Thevenin’s, Norton’s and Superposition and Maximum Power Transfer theorems, two-port networks, three phase circuits; Gauss Theorem, electric field and potential due to point, line, plane and spherical charge distributions; Ampere’s and Biot-Savart’s laws; inductance; dielectrics; capacitance.
2. Signals and Systems: Representation of continuous and discrete-time signals; shifting and scaling operations; linear, time-invariant and causal systems; Fourier series representation of continuous periodic signals; sampling theorem; Fourier, Laplace and Z transforms.
3. Electrical Machines: Single phase transformer - equivalent circuit, phasor diagram, tests, regulation and efficiency; three phase transformers - connections, parallel operation; auto-transformer; energy conversion principles; DC machines - types, windings, generator characteristics, armature reaction and commutation, starting and speed control of motors; three phase induction motors - principles, types, performance characteristics, starting and speed control; single phase induction motors; synchronous machines - performance, regulation and parallel operation of generators, motor starting, characteristics and applications; servo and stepper motors.
4. Power Systems: Basic power generation concepts; transmission line models and performance; cable performance, insulation; corona and radio interference; distribution systems; per-unit quantities; bus impedance and admittance matrices; load flow; voltage control; power factor correction; economic operation; symmetrical components; fault analysis; principles of over-current, differential and distance protection; solid state relays and digital protection; circuit breakers; system stability concepts, swing curves and equal area criterion; HVDC transmission and FACTS concepts.
5. Control Systems: Principles of feedback; transfer function; block diagrams; steady-state errors; Routh and Niquist techniques; Bode plots; root loci; lag, lead and lead-lag compensation; state space model; state transition matrix, controllability and observability.
6. Electrical and Electronic Measurements: Bridges and potentiometers; PMMC, moving iron, dynamometer and induction type instruments; measurement of voltage, current, power, energy and power factor; instrument transformers; digital voltmeters and multimeters; phase, time and frequency measurement; Q-meters; oscilloscopes; potentiometric recorders; error analysis.
7. Analog and Digital Electronics: Characteristics of diodes, BJT, FET; amplifiers - biasing, equivalent circuit and frequency response; oscillators and feedback amplifiers; operational amplifiers - characteristics and applications; simple active filters; VCOs and timers; combinational and sequential logic circuits; multiplexer; Schmitt trigger; multi-vibrators; sample and hold circuits; A/D and D/A converters; 8-bit microprocessor basics, architecture, programming and interfacing.
8. Power Electronics and Drives: Semiconductor power diodes, transistors, thyristors, triacs, GTOs, MOSFETs and IGBTs - static characteristics and principles of operation; triggering circuits; phase control rectifiers; bridge converters - fully controlled and half controlled; principles of choppers and inverters; basis concepts of adjustable speed dc and ac drives
Syllabus for Instrumentation Engineering paper DRDO-SET
1. Basics of Circuits and Measurement Systems: Kirchoff’s laws, mesh and nodal Analysis. Circuit theorems. One-port and two-port Network Functions. Static and dynamic characteristics of Measurement Systems. Error and uncertainty analysis. Statistical analysis of data and curve fitting.
2. Transducers, Mechanical Measurement and Industrial Instrumentation: Resistive, Capacitive, Inductive and piezoelectric transducers and their signal conditioning. Measurement of displacement, velocity and acceleration (translational and rotational), force, torque, vibration and shock. Measurement of pressure, flow, temperature and liquid level. Measurement of pH, conductivity, viscosity and humidity.
3. Analog Electronics :Characteristics of diode, BJT, JFET and MOSFET. Diode circuits. Transistors at low and high frequencies, Amplifiers, single and multi-stage. Feedback amplifiers. Operational amplifiers, characteristics and circuit configurations. Instrumentation amplifier. Precision rectifier. V-to-I and I-to-V converter. Op-Amp based active filters. Oscillators and signal generators.
4. Digital Electronics: Combinational logic circuits, minimization of Boolean functions. IC families, TTL, MOS and CMOS. Arithmetic circuits. Comparators, Schmitt trigger, timers and mono-stable multi-vibrator. Sequential circuits, flip-flops, counters, shift registers. Multiplexer, S/H circuit. Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog converters. Basics of number system. Microprocessor applications, memory and input-output interfacing. Microcontrollers.
5. Signals, Systems and Communications: Periodic and aperiodic signals. Impulse response, transfer function and frequency response of first- and second order systems. Convolution, correlation and characteristics of linear time invariant systems. Discrete time system, impulse and frequency response. Pulse transfer function. IIR and FIR filters. Amplitude and frequency modulation and demodulation. Sampling theorem, pulse code modulation. Frequency and time division multiplexing. Amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying and pulse shift keying for digital modulation.
6. Electrical and Electronic Measurements: Bridges and potentiometers, measurement of R,L and C. Measurements of voltage, current, power, power factor and energy. A.C & D.C current probes. Extension of instrument ranges. Q-meter and waveform analyzer. Digital voltmeter and multi-meter. Time, phase and frequency measurements. Cathode ray oscilloscope. Serial and parallel communication. Shielding and grounding.
7. Control Systems and Process Control: Feedback principles. Signal flow graphs. Transient Response, steady-state-errors. Routh and Nyquist criteria. Bode plot, root loci. Time delay systems. Phase and gain margin. State space representation of systems. Mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic system components. Synchro pair, servo and step motors. On-off, cascade, P, P-I, P-I-D, feed forward and derivative controller, Fuzzy controllers.
8. Analytical, Optical and Biomedical Instrumentation: Mass spectrometry. UV, visible and IR spectrometry. X-ray and nuclear radiation measurements. Optical sources and detectors, LED, laser, Photo-diode, photo-resistor and their characteristics. Interferometers, applications in metrology. Basics of fiber optics. Biomedical instruments, EEG, ECG and EMG. Clinical measurements. Ultrasonic transducers and Ultrasonography. Principles of Computer Assisted Tomography.
Syllabus for Mechanical Engineering paper DRDO-SET
1. Engineering Mechanics: Free body diagrams and equilibrium; trusses and frames; virtual work; kinematics and dynamics of particles and of rigid bodies in plane motion, including impulse and momentum (linear and angular) and energy formulations; impact.
2. Strength of Materials: Stress and strain, stress-strain relationship and elastic constants, Mohr’s circle for plane stress and plane strain, thin cylinders; shear force and bending moment diagrams; bending and shear stresses; deflection of beams; torsion of circular shafts; Euler’s theory of columns; strain energy methods; thermal stresses.
3. Theory of Machines: Displacement, velocity and acceleration analysis of plane mechanisms; dynamic analysis of slider-crank mechanism; gear trains; flywheels.
4. Vibrations: Free and forced vibration of single degree of freedom systems; effect of damping; vibration isolation; resonance, critical speeds of shafts.
5. Design: Design for static and dynamic loading; failure theories; fatigue strength and the S-N diagram; principles of the design of machine elements such as bolted, riveted and welded joints, shafts, spur gears, rolling and sliding contact bearings, brakes and clutches.
6. Fluid Mechanics: Fluid properties; fluid statics, manometry, buoyancy; control-volume analysis of mass, momentum and energy; fluid acceleration; differential equations of continuity and momentum; Bernoulli’s equation; viscous flow of incompressible fluids; boundary layer; elementary turbulent flow; flow through pipes, head losses in pipes, bends etc.
7. Heat-Transfer: Modes of heat transfer; one dimensional heat conduction, resistance concept, electrical analogy, unsteady heat conduction, fins; dimensionless parameters in free and forced convective heat transfer, various correlations for heat transfer in flow over flat plates and through pipes; thermal boundary layer; effect of turbulence; radiative heat transfer, black and grey surfaces, shape factors, network analysis; heat exchanger performance, LMTD and NTU methods.
8. Thermodynamics: Zeroth, First and Second laws of thermodynamics; thermodynamic system and processes; Carnot cycle. irreversibility and availability; behaviour of ideal and real gases, properties of pure substances, calculation of work and heat in ideal processes; analysis of thermodynamic cycles related to energy conversion.
9. Applications: Power Engineering: Steam Tables, Rankine, Brayton cycles with regeneration and reheat. I.C. Engines: air-standard Otto, Diesel cycles. Refrigeration and air-conditioning: Vapour refrigeration cycle, heat pumps, gas refrigeration, Reverse Brayton cycle; moist air: psychrometric chart, basic psychrometric processes. Turbomachinery: Pelton-wheel, Francis and Kaplan turbines — impulse and reaction principles, velocity diagrams.
10. Engineering Materials: Structure and properties of engineering materials, heat treatment, stress-strain diagrams for engineering materials.
11. Metal Casting: Design of patterns, moulds and cores; solidification and cooling; riser and gating design, design considerations.
12. Forming: Plastic deformation and yield criteria; fundamentals of hot and cold working processes; load estimation for bulk (forging, rolling, extrusion, drawing) and sheet (shearing, deep drawing, bending) metal forming processes; principles of powder metallurgy.
13. Joining: Physics of welding, brazing and soldering; adhesive bonding; design considerations in welding.
14. Machining and Machine Tool Operations: Mechanics of machining, single and multi-point cutting tools, tool geometry and materials, tool life and wear; economics of machining; principles of non-traditional machining processes; principles of work holding, principles of design of jigs and fixtures
15. Metrology and Inspection: Limits, fits and tolerances; linear and angular measurements; comparators; gauge design; interferometry; form and finish measurement; alignment and testing methods; tolerance analysis in manufacturing and assembly.
16. Computer Integrated Manufacturing: Basic concepts of CAD/CAM and their integration tools.
17. Production Planning and Control: Forecasting models, aggregate production planning, scheduling, materials requirement planning.
18. Inventory Control: Deterministic and probabilistic models; safety stock inventory control systems.
19. Operations Research: Linear programming, simplex and duplex method, transportation, assignment, network flow models, simple queuing models, PERT and CPM.
EXAM STRUCTURE:-
Candidates will be required to appear for the DRDO SET of three hours duration. Each candidate appearing for the Test will be given one Question Booklet containing objective type questions.
Each booklet will have two sections.
Section A will consist of 100 questions to test the
candidates knowledge in the subject as per syllabus.Each question will have 4 choices one of which will be correct. Each correct answer will fetch 4 marks and for each incorrect answer 1 mark will be deducted.
Section B will consist of 50 questions to test the candidates aptitude relevant to Applied Research & Development. The standard of Section B will be such as may be expected from Engineering Graduates. Each question will have 4 choices one of which will be correct. Each correct answer will fetch 2 marks and for each incorrect answer 1/2 mark will be deducted.

The merit list will be prepared based on the marks obtained by the candidates in Section A and Section B and this list will be used for short listing the candidates t be called for interview purely on merit basis limited to a reasonable number and subject to minimum qualifying criteria as decided by RAC.
candidates are required to apply in the Electronically Scannable Application Form specified for DRDO SET. These application forms with the information brochure containing the syllabus and instructions for filling the application will be available at the designated Branches of State Bank of India from 5th May 2011 to 5th Jun 2011 General/OBC candidates on payment of Rs. 300/- (Rs. 100/-for the application form with information brochure and Rs. 200/- as Exam. fees).
For SC/ST candidates there is no Exam fees and the application form with information brochure will be available to such candidates on payment of Rs 100/- only.
for HH/OH candidates, there is no Application / Examination fee.








No. of Vacancies :-

Subject Code No. of Vacancies: 220
UR OBC SC ST Total
Electronics & Comm.Engineering EC 41 21 12 06 80
Mechanical Engineering ME 31 16 08 05 60
+Computer Science & Engineering CS* 20 11 06 03 40*
Chemical Engineering CH 11 05 02 02 20
Electrical Engineering EE 09 06 04 01 20





Note :
 Out of above reservation, 10(01 current + 09 backlog) vacancies are reserved for PHP (Physically Handicapped persons), in which 05 vacancies are reserved for Orthopaedic Handicapped (OH) and 05 vacancies for Hearing Handicapped (HH) persons in the non-exempted disciplines marked with asterisk (*). However, DRDS cadre in DRDO, has been exempted from the purview of Section -33 of Persons with Disability Act, 1995, in the areas of Chemical Engg Electrical Engg., Electronics & communication Engg and Mechanical Engg.
 DRDO SET exam is conducted only for those subjects where vacancies are sizable in number.


Qualification:

 Atleast first class Bachelor's degree in Engineering or Technology in Electronics & Communication Engg / Mechanical Engg / Computer Science & Engg/ Chemical Engg/ Electrical Engg from a recognized University in respective/relevant discipline.
Note :
 If a class/division is not awarded at B.E./B.Tech or equivalent degree, a minimum of 60% marks in aggregate or 6.75 CGPA shall be considered equivalent for grade points on a ten point scale.

Age relaxation: Maximum relaxation in upper age limit will be as under:-

i) Upto 05 years in case of SC/ST candidates
ii) Upto 03 years in case of OBC candidates
iii) Upto 05 years for Physically Handicapped Persons (10 years for SC/ST and 08 years
for OBC candidates) in identified disciplines even if no posts are reserved for them in these areas.
iv) In case of Ex-serviceman, services rendered in the armed forces plus 3 years

Nationality:
Only Indian nationals need apply.

Candidates appearing in the final examination (final semester) may also apply. However, candidates found eligible for interview, will be allowed to appear for the same if their final results is declared before 31st Aug 2010.

Candidates will be required to appear for the DRDO SET of three hours duration.

Each candidate appearing for the Test will be given one Question Booklet containing objective type questions. Each booklet will have two sections.

Section ‘A’ will consist of 100 questions to test the candidate’s knowledge in the subject as per syllabus. Each question will have 4 choices one of which will be correct. Each correct answer will fetch 4 marks. For each incorrect answer 1 mark will be deducted.

Section ‘B’ will consist of 50 questions to test the candidate’s aptitude relevant to Applied Research & Development. The standard of Section ‘B’ will be such as may be expected of Engineering Graduates/Science Post Graduates. Each question will have 4 choices one of which will be correct. Each correct answer will fetch 2 marks. For each incorrect answer 1/2 mark will be deducted. The merit list will be prepared based on the marks obtained by the candidates in Section A and Section B and this list will be used for shortlisting the candidates for interview purely on merit basis subject to minimum qualifying criteria as decided by RAC.


Test for all is 3 hours
100 technical questions 25 GK and current affairs and 25 aptitude.

well there are several books available for preparing for DRDO. Any book which is prescribed for the GATE preparation would do sufficiently.

Computer Organization---William Stallings,Morris Mano
Theory of Computation---Aho and Ullman
Compiler Design-----Ullman
Operating systems----Galvin
computer Networks----William Stallings

apart from these for apptitude and General Knowledge

Refer some good magazines like CSR, Manorama Year book for GK sample gk questions and R.S Agarwal


HOW TO PREPARE:-

1.TECHNICAL
a) Students should aware of the fact that calculator is not allowed in the exam hall
So that examiner won’t ask lenthy numerical problems
b) examiner test ur understanding and application knowledge on basics.so that u must
familiar in the basics for that u have to follow standard books for the concern subject
c) see the prevous papers then u have some idea regarding the exam i.e
i)what type of questios were asked
ii)standared of questions
d) generally the standard of the questions not as much as simple as IES objective questions and not lenthy questions in GATE. The standard of the question is GATE 2marks questions and 1marks questions that can be solved without calculator.
e) So that it is better to prepare IES objective type previous papers and GATE papers.



GENERAL APTITUDE :
Out of the 50 questions 20 to 25 questions from GK and CURRENT AFFAIRS and 10 from Life Science 5 from Indian polity and 12 from Indian History 6 to 10 from Geography. So that most concentrate on current affairs, Life science, Indian History and Geography.

HOW TO WRITE EXAM:
This is most important for any student. This differs you from others which has the same standard as you. Most of the candidates were not succeeded even though their preparation is good. Why because they are lacking in the approach towards writing an entrance. Here I am mention some tips writing a multiple choice exam.

The question paper must solved three times
1) in the first attempt solve the complete paper ,don’t spend much more time on the questions which are not get the answers,skip the question and go for the next question.put mark on those questions which are not get the answers.
2) in the second attempt solve the questions which are marked in the first attempt in this attempt again u have to follow the above procedure.
3)in the third attempt solve the questions which are marked in the second attempt At last it is important that u have to check it out whether u r marked correctly for the concerned question are not .this can be done at last 10 minutes of the exam



INTERVIEW
The interview is a cool one. 5-6 members
You have to reach at least half an hour earlier and complete the filling of forms and other formalities.
You must be in formals with tie (guys) and gals sorry no info.
Should have a strong and attractive personality.
You will be seated in a big hall. Refreshments are provided.
If you don't bring the following certificates in original and in Xerox you will not be allowed to be interviewed.
The certificates are SSLC, PDC / PUC / 12, BTech/BE provisional or original, all the mark lists from 10th to BTech,hall ticket ,interview call letter, course certificate from the college, ID card (passport, college ID or voters ID), two passport sized photographs and certificates of any extra curricular activities like paper presentation, project work etc etc.
Carry with you the reports of the project work and papers presented.


Prepare a time table from now onwards
Buy one objective book from the market. There are many. Just select which give the method and theory to solve the problem.
Prepare for the test first then for the interview. You will get approximately 1 month for that.
Refer some good magazines like CSR for GK sample G.K questions are asked in last year was

1) Coldest planet:Pluto
2) INS Shivali is the first:
3) Which one of the following was NOT indegineously developed?:Prithvi/Akash/Agni
4) Full form of SARS
5) Anthrax is a :Virus/Bacteria/.../...
6) Dakshina Gangothri is:Ganga's origin/Indian camp @ antartica/.../...
7) Which of the following is a chemical weapon:Mustard Gas/Marsh Gas/.../...
8) A question based on Coding and Decoding
9) Another question similar to above
10) Question on series completion
11) Another series completion question
12) Where is Institute of Forensic Science?:Hyderabad
13) A G.K question based on X and Y chromosomes in males and females

Sample technical questions will ask in test last year in CSE :

1) Banker's algorithm is used for: Deadlock Avoidance
2) A LOT of questions were based on generating strings from a given grammar.
3) A circle(dot) shown in the PCB is:Vcc/Grnd/Pin 1/Pin 14
4) Program Segment Prefix in MS-DOS 5.0 is:
5) Some IP addresses were given and the question was to select the private addess from it(?)
6) 10Base2 and 10Base5 wires refers to:
7) A question on sliding-window protocol
8) Which of the following require a driver?:disk/cache/ram/cpu
9) A LOT of mathematical questions which were asked from calculus,trigonometry...

The questions will ask in ECE are mainly from Control Systems, Communications,
EMT and microprocessor

Make sure that u know the fundas of microprocessors useful in interview also: see if u know these questions

1. Which type of architecture 8085 has?

2. How many memory locations can be addressed by a microprocessor with 14 address lines?

3. 8085 is how many bit microprocessor?

4. Why is data bus bi-directional?

5. What is the function of accumulator?

6. What is flag, bus?

7. What are tri-state devices and why they are essential in a bus oriented system?

8. Why are program counter and stack pointer 16-bit registers?

9. What does it mean by embedded system?

10. What are the different addressing modes in 8085?

11.What is the difference between MOV and MVI?

12. What are the functions of RIM, SIM, IN?

13. What is the immediate addressing mode?

14. What are the different flags in 8085?

15. What happens during DMA transfer?

16. What do you mean by wait state? What is its need?

17. What is PSW?

18. What is ALE? Explain the functions of ALE in 8085.

19. What is a program counter? What is its use?

20. What is an interrupt?

21. Which line will be activated when an output device require attention from CPU?

Test for all is 3 hours 100 technical separate for each group and 50 G.K and aptitude questions same for all!

Then comes the interview questions Will ask in ECE interview are fundamental.

Director:
1. Which college and university are you coming from?

2. Did you appear for GATE? Why are you not interested in higher studies?

3. Did you appear for IES?

4. Did you appear for any other board interview of public sector?

5. The subjects you have learned in college can be divided into three- basic electronics, communi-cation and digital logic. Tell me any five subjects you like.




Board member1 (QUESTION LEVEL- MODERATE)

1. Write the truth table for full adder and implement it in NAND gate only.

2. What's the difference between looping 0s and 1s in K map?

3. Difference between microprocessor and micro controller

4. Microprocessors you are familiar with

5. How will you send and receive data to a micro-processor? (One method is I/O mapped I/O which is the other one?)

6. Radar range equation?

7. Does the radar range depend upon the frequency of the signal transmitted?

8. What is Doppler shift? What is its importance?



BOARD MEMBER -2 QUESTION LEVEL- TOUGH)

1. I will make two fuzzy statements. Pencil is long. Table is long. What is the term long signify?

2. What is a membership function?

3. What are the design criteria for very low frequency amplifier?

4. Can you measure distance with the help of CW radar? If so how?

5. How will you design a stable oscillator? (Not with crystal oscillator because temperature affects it)

6. You have designed an amplifier. After few days it is found that its gain have changed. What might be the reason?

BOARD MEMBER-3 (QUESTION LEVEL- MODERATE)

1. A plane is moving in a circular path around the transmitter of the radar. Will there be Doppler shift detected in the radar?

2. State Keplers laws

3. Why there is more geo synchronous satellite?

4. The angular difference between two satellites is 2 degree. What is the maximum number of satellites needed to cover the whole earth?

5. What is the minimum number of satellites needed to cover the whole earth?


BOARD MEMBER-4 QUESTION LEVEL- MODERATE)

1. Which is the law of conservation involved in the second of Keplers?

2. Why do you explain elliptical orbit while stating Kepler's law? Why not circular orbit?

3. What are the advantages of optical communication?

4. What are the invasive and non-invasive methods of instrumentation?

HOW TO PREPARE JTO EXAM

PUBLIC SECTOR UNIT(JTO)

BSNL – BHEL – HAL – BEL – ECIL – NTPC Such exams come under one umbrella (i.e) PSU.
If you really want to prepare for JTO exam then you have to put more efforts and solve the previous exam papers. This will provide you a confidence and increase your knowledge as well as time to attempt the question paper.
If you want to crack this exam you need good coaching besides good reference books and guidance.
Through written test BSNL recruits Junior Telecom officers.
Who has passed out his/her Be/B.Tech from the following branches are eligible for JTO’s.
[Electronics/Telecommunications/Radio/Civil/Computer/Electrical/Information Technology]
Fresher’s and software’s are also eligible for such examination – [JTO’s]
The written test purely objective type Duration – 3 hours.
One question paper containing 3 sections of
 Engineering section – I
 Engineering Section – II
 General Ability Test – III
If you want to crack this exam you have to get/obtain a very good score from section – III. [General Ability Test].
Minimum quality marks must be required in each section.
There should be a negative marks so because the of that
You can take the calculator along with you.
Section – I contains the following topics
1) Materials and components
2) Physical Electronics/Electronics devices and IC’s
3) Network Theory
4) Electromagnetic Theory
5) Electronic measurements and instrumentation
6) Power electronics
The most important questions come from the following topics. Network Theory – Electronics/Electronic devices and IC’s – Electronic measurement and instrumentations.
There are some standard questions usually come from Electronic theory/ materials and components.
Definitely you need basic knowledge from Power Electronics
Power Electronics is one of the subject in EEE.

Ex:
1) Which one of the following is a ceramic instrument?
a) Mica b) Parcelein c) Liquid crystal d) Synthetic fiber
2) Which one of the following represents direct band gap material
a) Si b) Ge c) Gap d) GaAs
3) If the average power delivered to load laminated to a loss less transmission line is 75% of that of the incident power, the VSWR on the line is
a) 1/3 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3
4) Q – meter works an the principle of
a) Series resonance b) Pareller resonance
c) Mutual inductance d) Self inductance
5) Consider two metallic wires W1 and W2. They are made up to same material and each has circular cross section. The diameter of W2 is twice that of W1 and the length of W2 is 4 times that of W1 which one of the following statement is true?
a) Resistance of W1 is half that of W2
b) Resistance of W1 is equal to of W2
c) Resistance of W1 is twice that of W2
d) Resistance of W1 is eight times that of W2
6) Which of the following statement is true f8 de switched mode power supply?
a) It cannot provide isolation between input and output as in rectifiers
b) It cannot remove ripple as in de switching mode rectifiers
c) It has two stage conversions de – ac and ac – de
d) If is a type of chopper circuit
Better do a lot of problems from Network theory
[Network theorems/transient and steady state conditions]
Better find the solutions when the problems come from yellow pad in electronics
Reference books to each subject in Section – I:
1) Materials & Components by So pillai
2) Electronic Devices circuits by Millman’s
3) Circuits theory by chakrabarti
4) Electromagnetic Theory by William hayt
5) Electronic Measurements & instrumentation A.K Sawhney
6) Power Electronics by bimbra

Section – II Contains the following topics
Analog Electronics – Circuits – Digital Electric Circuits – Central Systems – Communication Systems and microprocessors
You will have a critical and very intelligent question from control systems/communication systems and digital Electronic Circuits Hence, Better concentrate on such topics
You need Basic knowledge from communication systems/microwave engineering. Because such topics don’t cover in B. Tech for Electrical/computer and It students.


Some previous years JTO Telecom Questions (Memory based)
1) The minimized form of the Boolean expression F(A, B, C) = (0, 2, 3) is

2) In a micro processor then program canter points to the address location from where the
a) Current byte is to be fetched b) Next byte is to be fetched
c) Next byte is to be stared d) Current byte is to be added
3) A time division multiplex system samples 96 voice channels at a ratio of 8KHz and encodes in to 8 bits/sample. If one synchronization bit per frame is added, the transmitted data rate (mbps) is
a) 6.208 b) 6.152 c) 6.144 d) 0.768
4) If selection sort takes 3msec to run an array of 200 elements, for a similar array of 4000 elements the selection sort is expected to take
a) 1.2sec b) 600msec c) 300msec d) 60msec
5) The loop transfer of a system is G(s) H(S) = 5/(S+1) (2S+1) (3S+1) which has the phase cross over frequency fc = 0.16Hz. The gain margin (dB) of the system is
a) 6 b) 4 c) 2 d) 0
6) A rectangular wave guide is 4.2 cm by 1.85cm. The cut off frequency of dominant mode through this wave slide is
a) 3.57GHz b) 3.75GHz c) 3.70MHz d) 3.57MHz
7) In class A – power amplifier, the collector dissipetion is maximum when
a) No signal is present b) Signal suing is maximum
c) Signal suing is (1/1.414) of its maximum d) None of the above




Reference books to each subject in section – II:
1) Analog Electronics by Sedra & smith
2) Digital Electronics by RP. Jain
3) Control systems by Nagrath and gopal
4) Communication systems by Simon haykin
5) Microwave Engineering by Kulkarni
6) Microprocessor by Gaonkar


IES [Engineering Services] ECE Syllabus is enough to go for JTO’s. So you better cover previous GATE and IES papers.
If you want you can go for reference books like [GATE/IES] G.K. Publishers and Upkar publishers.

Section – III:
The Candidate comprehension and under standing of General English shall be tested [Reading comprehension/vocabulary/functional Grammar] Regarding G.K. Questions come from [current events/History of Indian Geography/Events and developments in Telecommunications]
Ex:
1) ISO 14000 Standard deal with
a) Quality management b) Production management
c) Human resource management d) Environmental management

When you refer the previous examination paper of the JTO’s you will find 10 Questions. So please concentrate or give extra attention to get good score.
Ex:
1) The opposite of miserly is
a) Spend thrift b) generals c) Liberal d) Charitable
Section – III is a deciding factor or decides your position in JTO’s
You must quality section – III when you want to success in JTO’s. There is a secondary thought in such case.
Please refer GRE Books and R.S. Agarwal objective English for all competitive exams.

General Preparation Tips:
You must prepare notes for each and every subject.
You have to refer the previous questions of the JTO’s
Better discuss a difficult subject with your friends so that there might be a chance to remember some important points when you go on thoroughly definitely you will have a command on the subject.
Be careful of the negative marks. When you are sure and confident then answer otherwise skip off.
Find out your weakness and try to over come and strengthen in that. Besides that try to attempt as many as questions from previous papers and solve the model papers. Better analize the answers you put wrong and the questions you skip off.
Try to complete the preparation before the date of examination. So that you will free from the tension and amuiety.
Better give equal importance for each and every subject while preparing.

cut off marks of previous year exam of jto-2007 are General cut off 35.66 OBC 28 SC 26.83
cut off marks of previous year exam of jto-2009 are General cut off 35.66 OBC 28 SC 26.83

HOW TO PREPARE IES EXAM

IES
For the Engineering Students Good opportunities are there to apply IES Exam. IES is one of the important Examinations conducted by the UPSC. Through this exam the vacancies of Central Government job’s are being filled by UPSC. Good Career and Good Salary will be there for this Job. The Candidates who have keen interest on the subject will success in this Exam.
The Candidates who secured in the examination can be promoted to the stage of director general. Generally the Exam will be conducted in four Engineering Departments.
1) Civil Engineering
2) Mechanical Engineering
3) Electrical Engineering
4) Electronics & Communication Engineering
In engineering service Exam there are total 2 parts.
Part1: Written test, Part2: Interview
Part1: Written test
In this there are two sections
Section1  Objective type Exam
Section2  Descriptive type Exam
Total marks will be 1000only.

Objective type Exam:
In this Exam there are 3 papers
1) General Ability test
2) Subject objective paper-1
3) Subject objective paper-2
Each paper having 120 questions with 200marks, each question have 4 options. Time duration of Exam will be 2hours, 1/3negative marking for wrong answer questions. There is a cut of marks for each paper. That will decide by UPSC commission every year. If you cross the cut of marks only descriptive papers will be calculated.
Calculator is not allowed for this exam.

Descriptive type Exam:
In this Exam there are 2paper, each paper having 200marks, Time duration of each paper will be 3hours,
Paper1: In this there will be a total 7questions. In this you can choose any five questions. Each question will carry 40marks.
Paper2: In this paper the first question compulsory you have write answer. This question will carry 80marks. In this question also having another 10 sub questions
There are two sections for remaining 120marks
Section A: In this section there are 3questions. You can choose any 2question, each question will carry 30marks.
Section B: In this also there will be a 3quesitons. In this you can choose any 2questions, each question having 30marks. But in each question having another 2 are more sub questions.
Note: There are no negative marks for descriptive type exam. Deduction up to 5% of the maximum marks for the written papers will be made for illegible hand writing.

Part2: Interview
There will be an interview who qualified in written test, for this they will give 200marks.
Interview will be either technical or non-technical.
If you already done M. Tech you need to grip on your specialization subject
B. Tech students have to study and clear concepts on those already completed project in B. Tech.
You have know present technical knowledge.


Level of the questions
There are 120 questions; you have to find out the answers with in 120 minutes. Remember there won’t be difficult, complicated or controversial questions. Most probably you will find the questions very basic and their applications. You need to have the strength of the overall subject, besides that minimum knowledge in mathematics is enough to find out the answers if you refer the previous papers of the IES examination.

40 % questions from basic
40 % questions from application method
15 % questions from formula’s and graff
5% questions from Reasoning
General essay questions are very similar to what you have faced in B. Tech degree. There is no difference regarding that.

HOW TO PREPARE:
If you want to obtain a very good score in section I you need to have the command on the subject. Try to answer every question don’t skip off the questions. Skipping off is not a wise decision in section I. try to get the grip in each and very topic so that its possible to find out answer and there might be a chance to get the good score.
Don’t neglect General ability Test. Such test decides your position in IES and it’s a deciding factor. Hence, you have to qualify general ability test other wise they wont correct / valuate other sections. Such test contains General English and general studies.

For your Practice IES Previous Papers will help you A Lot:
To crack this examination understand the structure of the given comprehension. Make out the meaning of the given passage, or the central theme of the given comprehension.
Its not enough simple if you do so you need to have the strength in vocabulary (i.e.)
Synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, one word substitutes. If you want to get a good score better solve the previous papers of the IES besides other competitive examinations. For reading comprehension go through tofel, for vocabulary go through GRE.

For General Studies:
Candidates can get a good score in this section. To get a command on this you have to read the newspapers daily besides that at least you have to spent one hour for preparation regarding this.
For current affairs you need to have the strength what happened between 2009 to 2010
Especially better know national and international affairs. Please note important points while reading national and international editions. Such important points should be belong to science and technology, agreements between countries and sports.

Regarding history better go through NCERT XII standard books. You have to concentrate on the following topics.
1) 1857 revolution and consequence of the revolution
2) Freedom fight
3) Role of the M.K. Gandhi
4) Constitution
5) Indian national congress.

You must know the role of the following organizations
(U.N.O. – W.H.O. – UNICEF – UNESCO)
Besides that you must know the names of the present presidents and general body members of above said organizations.
Regarding science better have a command on the structure of the human body, parts of the human body, diseases, vaccines, proteins and vitamins
For geography better go through NCERT 8th 9th 10th classes. You must cover important volcanoes, national high ways, mountains, rivers and historical temples.
For the last two years who has got the noble award list them. And list the names of the celebrities of all the categories

Regarding subject papers:
Strictly you have to follow if you want to crack this examination think wise and make the day wise time table. Better have a excellent command on overall syllabus. Solve all the previous papers of the IES examination.
IIT reference books will help you a lot. The following exams are organized by the IIT’s GATE – IES – UPSC – CIVILS – IFS so to crack this examination please solves such previous papers.
How to Apply
U.P.S.E/E.S.E Notification issue in Every December or January. This time the examination will be held in MAY
How to Apply:
Applications will be available in all head post office, besides that you can apply through online.
Any engineering degree or equalent examination candidates can eligible for this examinations. MSC students (Electronics - wireless communication - Radio physics - Radio Engineering) can also eligible for the Examination.
Note: In the application students should fill their option as ‘Engineering’ not IES. IES means Indian Economic Service.

FOR DETAILS: www.upse.gov.in





VANI INSTITUTE OF ENGG. & TECHNOLOGY,

P. SRINIVAS REDDY,
DIRECTOR